What component of a smart sensor allows it to be programmable and have adjustable settings?

The microprocessor is the component of a smart sensor that enables programmability and adjustable settings. It serves as the brain of the sensor, processing data and executing commands to perform specific tasks. Through programming, the microprocessor can be configured to change the sensitivity, response times, and other operational parameters of the sensor, allowing it to adapt to different applications and environments.

In contrast, sensor calibration hardware is primarily focused on ensuring the accuracy and reliability of measurements, rather than providing programmability. Analog circuitry plays a role in signal processing and conversion but does not typically provide adjustable settings. Meanwhile, the memory module is essential for storing data and program instructions but does not control the operational logic of the sensor itself. Thus, the microprocessor is key to making a smart sensor user-configurable and adaptable to various needs.