Which of the following best describes predictive analytics?

Predictive analytics focuses on analyzing data to forecast future outcomes based on historical patterns and trends. This type of analysis utilizes various statistical techniques and machine learning algorithms to identify correlations and to make informed predictions about what might happen under certain conditions. By leveraging historical data, predictive analytics helps in decision-making processes that require foresight, allowing organizations to mitigate risks, allocate resources effectively, and improve overall strategies.

In this context, the other choices focus on different aspects of data analysis. For instance, analyzing historical data emphasizes understanding past performance without explicitly aiming to predict future results. Evaluating causes of problems is more about diagnostic analysis, which seeks to understand why issues have occurred rather than forecasting future events. Lastly, while operational efficiency is important, it does not inherently imply making predictions about the future; it typically focuses on optimizing current processes based on existing data.